New Approaches for the Treatment of AML beyond the 7+3 Regimen: Current Concepts and New Approaches.

Fifty years have passed since the development of the first chemotherapy regimen for treating acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), with the approval in 1973 of the cytarabine daunorubicin (7+3) regimen. Until recently, patients diagnosed with AML had very limited treatment options and depended primarily on chemotherapy in combinations, doses, or schedules of the same drugs. Patients with advanced age, comorbidities, or relapsed or refractory disease were left with no effective options for treatment. New advances in the understanding of the biology and the molecular and genetic changes associated with leukemogenesis, as well as recent advances in drug development, have resulted in the introduction over the last few years of novel therapeutic agents and approaches to the treatment of AML as well as a new classification of the disease. In this article, we will discuss the new classification of AML; the mechanisms, actions, and indications of the new targeted therapies; the chemotherapy combinations; and the potential role of cellular therapies as new treatment options for this terrible disease.

Repair potential of biodentine in vital pulp therapies in mature permanent teeth: a narrative review / POTENCIAL REPARADOR DEL BIODENTINE EN TERAPIAS PULPARES VITALES EN DIENTES PERMANENTES MADUROS: UNA REVISIÓN NARRATIVA

Vital pulp therapy in dentistry seeks to treat lesions in the dental pulp caused by cavities, trauma or iatrogenic procedures. Its objective is to maintain the vitality and function of the pulp, restoring the continuity of the dentin, known as the dentinal bridge. The dentinal bridge is crucial for injury repair and promotes pulp healing. Stem cells from the dental pulp can differentiate into odontoblasts, responsible for the formation of reparative dentin. To achieve success in vital pulp therapy, factors such as the appropriate choice of biocompatible biomaterials that prevent bacterial infiltration and inflammatory reactions, as well as the response of the pulp to injury, must be considered. An emerging material is Biodentine, a dentin substitute based on calcium silicate that induces the formation of dentin bridges and has demonstrated effectiveness in the repair of the dentine-pulp complex. It acts through specific molecular pathways by inducing the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. This narrative review aims to describe the restorative potential of Biodentine in vital pulp therapies in mature permanent teeth. Its ability to reduce pulp inflammation, differentiate stem cells, the mechanism of action for the formation of tertiary dentin and characteristics of the dentinal bridge were evaluated. The results indicate that Biodentine has anti-inflammatory properties and stimulates dentin regeneration, influencing cell differentiation and mineralization. To conclude, Biodentine shows broad reparative potential in vital pulp therapies in mature permanent teeth, reduction of pulp inflammation, great cellular bioactivity, differentiation, and high dentin quality.

La terapia pulpar vital en odontología busca tratar lesiones en la pulpa dental causadas por caries, traumatismos o procedimientos iatrogénicos. Su objetivo es mantener la vitalidad y función de la pulpa, restaurando la continuidad de la dentina, conocida como puente dentinario. El puente dentinario es crucial para la reparación de lesiones y promueve la cicatrización de la pulpa. Las células madre de la pulpa dental pueden diferenciarse en odontoblastos, responsables de la formación de dentina reparadora. Para lograr el éxito en la terapia pulpar vital, se deben considerar factores como la elección adecuada de biomateriales biocompatibles que prevengan la infiltración bacteriana y reacciones inflamatorias, así como la respuesta de la pulpa a la lesión. Un material emergente es el Biodentine, un sustituto de dentina basado en silicato de calcio que induce la formación de puentes de dentina y ha demostrado eficacia en la reparación del complejo dentino-pulpar. Actúa mediante vías moleculares específicas al inducir la diferenciación de células madre de la pulpa dental. Esta revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo describir el potencial reparador del Biodentine en terapias pulpares vitales en dientes permanentes maduros. Se evaluó su capacidad para reducir la inflamación pulpar, como de diferenciar células madre, el mecanismo de acción para la formación de dentina terciaria y características del puente dentinario. Los resultados indican que Biodentine tiene propiedades antiinflamatorias y estimula la regeneración dentinaria, influenciando la diferenciación celular y la mineralización. Para concluir, Biodentine muestra un amplio potencial reparador en terapias pulpares vitales en dientes permanentes maduros, reducción de inflamación pulpar, gran bioactividad celular, diferenciación, y alta calidad de dentina.

A terapia pulpar vital em odontologia busca tratar lesões na polpa dentária causadas por cáries, traumas ou procedimentos iatrogênicos. Seu objetivo é manter a vitalidade e função da polpa, restaurando a continuidade da dentina, conhecida como ponte dentinária. A ponte dentinária é crucial para a reparação de lesões e promove a cicatrização pulpar. As células-tronco da polpa dentária podem se diferenciar em odontoblastos, responsáveis ​​pela formação da dentina reparadora. Para obter sucesso na terapia pulpar vital, devem ser considerados fatores como a escolha adequada de biomateriais biocompatíveis que previnam infiltração bacteriana e reações inflamatórias, bem como a resposta da polpa à lesão. Um material emergente é o Biodentine, um substituto dentinário à base de silicato de cálcio que induz a formação de pontes dentinárias e tem demonstrado eficácia na reparação do complexo dentina-polpa. Atua através de vias moleculares específicas, induzindo a diferenciação de células-tronco da polpa dentária. Esta revisão narrativa tem como objetivo descrever o potencial restaurador do Biodentine em terapias pulpares vitais em dentes permanentes maduros. Foram avaliadas sua capacidade de reduzir a inflamação pulpar, diferenciar células-tronco, mecanismo de ação para formação da dentina terciária e características da ponte dentinária. Os resultados indicam que Biodentine possui propriedades anti-inflamatórias e estimula a regeneração da dentina, influenciando a diferenciação e mineralização celular. Concluindo, Biodentine apresenta amplo potencial reparador em terapias pulpares vitais em dentes permanentes maduros, redução da inflamação pulpar, grande bioatividade celular, diferenciação e alta qualidade dentinária.

Computer-Supported Collaborative Design of Standardized Clinical Cases: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: The creation of computer-supported collaborative clinical cases is an area of educational research that has been widely studied. However, the reuse of cases and their sharing with other platforms is a problem, as it encapsulates knowledge in isolated platforms without interoperability. This paper proposed a workflow ecosystem for the collaborative design and distribution of clinical cases through web-based computing platforms that (1) allow medical students to create clinical cases collaboratively in a dedicated environment; (2) make it possible to export these clinical cases in terms of the Health Level 7 (HL7) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) interoperability standard; (3) provide support to transform imported cases into learning object repositories; and (4) use e-learning standards (eg, Instructional Management Systems Content Packaging [IMS-CP] or Sharable Content Object Reference Model [SCORM]) to incorporate this content into widely-used learning management systems (LMSs), letting medical students democratize a valuable knowledge that would otherwise be confined within proprietary platforms. Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a workflow ecosystem based on IT platforms to enable the collaborative creation, export, and deployment of clinical cases. Methods: The ecosystem infrastructure for computer-supported collaborative design of standardized clinical cases consists of three platforms: (1) Mosaico, a platform used in the design of clinical cases; (2) Clavy, a tool for the flexible management of learning object repositories, which is used to orchestrate the transformation and processing of these clinical cases; and (3) Moodle, an LMS that is geared toward publishing the processed clinical cases and delivering their course deployment stages in IMS-CP or SCORM format. The generation of cases in Mosaico is exported in the HL7 FHIR interoperability standard to Clavy, which is then responsible for creating and deploying a learning object in Moodle. Results: The main result was an interoperable ecosystem that demonstrates the feasibility of automating the stages of collaborative clinical case creation, export through HL7 FHIR standards, and deployment in an LMS. This ecosystem enables the generation of IMS-CPs associated with the original Mosaico clinical cases that can be deployed in conventional third-party LMSs, thus allowing the democratization and sharing of clinical cases to different platforms in standard and interoperable formats. Conclusions: In this paper, we proposed, implemented, and demonstrated the feasibility of developing a standards-based workflow that interoperates multiple platforms with heterogeneous technologies to create, transform, and deploy clinical cases on the web. This achieves the objective of transforming the created cases into a platform for web-based deployment in an LMS.

Bioactive compounds in Spanish extra virgin olive oils: Migration and stability according to the culinary technique used.

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a basic food of the Mediterranean diet and an important source of bioactive compounds, especially phenolic substances. The culinary techniques to which the oil is subjected before consumption cause the migration of these compounds, hence the importance of studying their stability before and after culinary treatment. We determined the behaviour of the phenols present in EVOO and its total antioxidant capacity before and after the use of various culinary techniques such as deep frying, boiling (in a water/oil mixture (W/O) and sauteing, observing that the study parameters varied according to the variety of oil and the culinary technique used. Significant statistical differences were observed between the different varieties of EVOO according to the culinary technique used. But this was not the case with respect to polyphenol content, for which no statistically significant differences were observed among the different varieties of EVOO according to the culinary techniques employed (p > 0.05), except with the Arbequina variety (p < 0.05). With respect to the individual polyphenols - tyrosol, p-vainillin, vanillic acid, gallic acid, trans-caffeic acid, ferulic acid and luteolin - our analysis shows that although there were differences in content between raw EVOO and EVOO treated with each of the culinary techniques, these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). There were significant losses of oleocanthal with the W/O boiling technique, but content increases were observed following sauteing and deep frying with respect to raw EVOO. Total antioxidant capacity presented a similar pattern in all samples, with increases after sauteing and decreases after W/O boiling and deep frying. ABTS was the most suitable technique for determining antioxidant capacity in EVOO. In short, the behaviour of the bioactive compounds in EVOO depends on the temperature and the cooking medium used.

Emo-mirror: a proposal to support emotion recognition in children with autism spectrum disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined as persistent difficulty in maturing the socialization process. Health professionals have used traditional methods in the therapies performed on patients with the aim of improving the expression of emotions by patients. However, they have not been sufficient to detect the different emotions expressed in the face of people according to different sensations. Therefore, different artificial intelligence techniques have been applied to improve the results obtained in these therapies. In this article, we propose the construction of an intelligent mirror to recognize five basic emotions: angry, scared, sad, happy and neutral. This mirror uses convolutional neural networks to analyze the images that are captured by a camera and compare it with the one that the patient should perform, thus supporting the therapies performed by health professionals in children with ASD. The proposal presents the platform and computer architecture, as well as the evaluation by specialists under the technology acceptance model.

Development of an Application for Electronic Retrieval of Patient and Sample Information in Latin American Regions with a High Incidence of Gallbladder Cancer.

The European-Latin American Consortium towards Eradication of Preventable Gallbladder Cancer, EULAT Eradicate GBC, is collecting high-quality data and samples in four Latin American countries with high gallbladder cancer incidence (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru) to build a unique biorepository integrated into a tailored IT platform, to identify, validate, and functionally characterize new risk biomarkers, and to develop prediction models that integrate epidemiological and genetic-molecular risk factors. We decided to develop an application for electronic data collection to facilitate the retrieval of sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, dietary, and sample-related information from 15,000 Latin American study participants. The application EULAT eCollect will facilitate the work of study nurses, reduce time spent by participants, limit the use of paper and ink, minimize costs and errors associated with filling out written forms and subsequent digitisation, and support the monitoring of local recruitment rates and data quality. We describe in this article the design and implementation of the EULAT eCollect application, which started with the specification of functional and non-functional requirements, and ended with the implementation and validation of four separate application modules: Socio-Demographic Interview, Sample Information, Case Report Form, and Food-Frequency Questionnaire. We present both general and technical results, and our experience with the free and open-source software, Open Data Kit (ODK), which may be of interest for future related research projects, especially those on personalised cancer prevention carried out in low- and middle-income regions.

Comprensión Hermenéutica de una Ontologia del Presente en la Era Digital / Hermeneutic Understanding of an Ontology of the Present in the Digital Age / Compreensão Hermenêutica de uma Ontologia do Presente na Era Digital

Resumen EL presente como categoría filosófica, expresa un carácter conductual, que se asume como una actitud (ethos) frente a un mundo digital. Este "ethos" configura una relacionalidad entre Lo humano y La máquina, construye puentes de apertura (apertus) que consolida unidades de posibilidad existencial a través de prácticas que manifiestan, no una digitalización, sino, una digitalización, esto es, una praxis particular y singular que, en el marco digital, pretende comprender intencionalmente el campo existencial del ser humano en las lógicas digitales. Esta digitalización como práctica, configura, "el presente" que en el marco de lo digital se constituye en una racionalidad, una especie de capacidad que tienen los seres humanos de analizar a través de un ejercicio mental la realidad existencial de sí mismo y de su entorno.

Abstract The present as a philosophical category, expresses a behavioral character, which is assumed as an attitude (ethos) towards a digital world. This "ethos" configures a relationship between the human and the machine, builds bridges of opening (apertus) that consolidates units of existential possibility through practices that manifest, not a digitization, but a digitiza-tion, that is, a praxis particular and unique that, in the digital framework, intends to intentionally understand the existential field of the human being in digital logics. This digitaliza-tion as a practice configures "the present" that in the digital framework constitutes a rationality, a kind of capacity that human beings have to analyze through a mental exercise the existential reality of themselves and of your environment.

Resumo O presente como categoria filosófica expressa um caráter comportamental, que se assume como uma atitude (ethos) em relação a um mundo digital. Esse "ethos" configura uma relação entre o humano e a máquina, constrói pontes de abertura (apertus) que consolida unidades de possibilidade existencial por meio de práticas que manifestam, não uma digitalização, mas uma digitalização, ou seja, uma práxis particular e única que, no quadro digital, pretende compreender intencionalmente o campo existencial do ser humano nas lógicas digitais. Essa digitaliza-ção como prática configura "o presente" que no quadro digital constitui uma racionalidade, uma espécie de capacidade que os seres humanos têm de analisar por meio de um exercício mental a realidade existencial de si e de seu ambiente.

Tego: a new concept of teledentistry for the elderly through a web platform and mobile app in the context of the covid-19 pandemic / Tego: un nuevo concepto de teleodontología para adultos mayores a través de una plataforma web y aplicación móvil en el contexto de la pandemia del covid-19

Objective: To develop a new concept of teledentistry for the elderly through a web platform and associated mobile application in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: A new concept for attention via teledentistry of the elderly supported by the web platform/app TEGO (Acronym for Tele-platform of Geriatric and Dental Specialties in Spanish) was developed. Priority and urgent dental care for elderly patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic was provided onboard a mobile dental clinic equipped with all the necessary conventional dental care facilities as well as state-of-the-art digital technology. Dental care was carried out in five cities of Chile. For the study, 135 elderly patients were treated. The tele-dental care model includes visit-appointment and remote interconsultation with a staff of specialists. To evaluate patient satisfaction aspects, regarding the service / care provided, a user satisfaction survey was applied. Results: A total of 68 questionnaires were completed by patients. The results showed high levels of patients' satisfaction after the priority or urgent dental care, which reached above 75% in all dimensions of the questionnaire (Access to dental care, user treatment, platform, recommendation). Conclusion: The generation of a technological ecosystem for teledentistry can provide a series of important advantages in the attention of elderly patients, by optimizing the dental care coverage by different specialists who can provide attention to a population that has limited or no access to them.

Objetivo: Desarrollar un nuevo concepto de teleodon-tología para adultos mayores a través de una plataforma web y aplicación móvil asociada en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Material y Métodos: Se desarrolló un nuevo concepto de atención vía teleodontología del adulto mayor apoyado en la plataforma/app web TEGO (Teleplataforma de Especialidades Geriatricas y Odontológicas). La atención dental prioritaria y urgente para pacientes de edad avanzada en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19 se brindó a bordo de una clínica dental móvil equipada con todas las instalaciones de atención dental convencional necesarias, así como con tecnología digital de última generación. La atención odontológica se realizó en cinco ciudades de Chile. Para el estudio, 135 pacientes de edad avanzada fueron atendidos. El modelo de atención teledental incluye visita-cita e inter-consulta remota con un staff de especialistas. Para evaluar los aspectos de satisfacción del paciente, respecto al servicio/atención brindada, se aplicó una encuesta de satisfacción del usuario. Resultados: Los pacientes completaron un total de 68 cuestionarios. Los resultados mostraron altos niveles de satisfacción de los pacientes tras la atención odontológica prioritaria o urgente, que superó el 75% en todas las dimensiones del cuestionario (Acceso a la atención odontológica, trato al usuario, plataforma, recomendación). Conclusión: La generación de un ecosistema tecnológico para la teleodontología puede brindar una serie de ventajas importantes en la atención de pacientes adultos mayores, al optimizar la cobertura de atención odontológica por parte de diferentes especialistas que pueden brindar atención a una población que tiene acceso limitado o nulo.

Education and armed conflict: consequences on the population of children and adolescents in Colombia: editorial / Educación y conflicto armado: consecuencias en la población de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Colombia: editorial

Throughout history, the right to education has been a determining and unquestionably necessary factor for the improvement of people; however, as a socio-political process, it has not been free of adversities. In this sense, for more than six decades, Colombia has lived in the context of an internal armed conflict

A lo largo de la historia, el derecho a la educación ha sido un factor determinante e indiscutiblemente necesario para la superación de las personas; sin embargo, como proceso sociopolítico, no ha estado exento de adversidades. En este sentido, desde hace más de seis décadas, Colombia vive en el contexto de un conflicto armado interno

Diagnóstico y tratamiento multidisciplinario de melanoma temprano y localmente avanzado. Consenso de expertos. Asociación Colombiana de Hematología y Oncología (ACHO) / Diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment of early-stage and locally advanced melanoma: Expert consensus, Colombian Association of Hemato-Oncology (ACHO)

Resumen Introducción: El melanoma ocasiona el 75% de las muertes por cáncer de piel. Según GLOBOCAN, en 2018 se presentaron 287.723 casos nuevos de melanoma, con una mortalidad de 60.712 casos, que equivale al 20% del total de los casos incidentes. Las alternativas para el tratamiento del melanoma se fundamentan en la estatificación de la enfermedad, y en las características moleculares de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Consensuar, por común acuerdo de expertos, sugerencias para el diagnóstico y manejo de melanoma temprano basadas en la evidencia y ajustadas al contexto colombiano. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un consenso de expertos multidisciplinario, constituido por 19 oncólogos clínicos, 2 cirujanos de mama y tejidos blandos, 2 dermatólogos, 2 patólogos y 2 radioterapeutas, miembros activos de la Asociación Colombiana de Hemato Oncología (ACHO). Este consenso se realizó en 4 etapas: 1. Estructuración de 29 preguntas, que se calificaron de 1 a 9. 2. Reenvío de las preguntas no consensuadas. 3. Análisis y discusión de las respuestas. 4. Las respuestas no consensuadas se llevaron a un consenso nominal. Resultados: Se discutieron 29 preguntas relacionadas con el diagnóstico y tratamiento de melanoma temprano, se construyeron sugerencias basadas en evidencia utilizada por los expertos y en guías de manejo de oncología reconocidas internacionalmente, adaptadas al contexto y realidad colombianos. Conclusiones: Se presentan sugerencias multidisciplinarias para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de melanoma temprano, las cuales debe considerarse para orientar la toma de decisiones y homogenizar la práctica clínica de acuerdo al contexto colombiano y a las características propias del sistema de salud del país. Este es un documento académico y no regulatorio.

Abstract Introduction: Melanoma causes 75% of deaths from skin cancer. In 2018, according to GLOBOCAN, 287,723 new melanoma cases were registered, with a mortality of 60,712 cases, which is equivalent to 20% of all incident cases. Alternatives for the treatment of melanoma are based on disease staging and the molecular characteristics of the disease. Objective: To establish a consensus by common agreement of experts and construct suggestions for the diagnosis and management of early-stage melanoma based on evidence and adjusted to the Colombian context. Methods: A multidisciplinary expert consensus was established, wth the participation of 19 clinical oncologists, 2 soft tissue surgeons, 2 dermatologists, 2 pathologists, and 2 radiotherapists, active members of the Colombian Association of Hemato-Oncology (ACHO). This consensus was carried out in four stages: 1) Structuring of 29 questions, which were scored from 1 to 9; 2) Resubmission of non-consensual questions; 3) Analysis and discussion of responses; and 4) Validation of non-consensual responses by nominal consensus. Results: Twenty-nine questions related to the diagnosis and treatment of early-stage melanoma were discussed in order to construct suggestions based on evidence proven by experts, as well as on internationally recognized oncology management guidelines adapted to the Colombian context and reality. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary suggestions are offered for the diagnosis and treatment of early-stage melanoma, which should be considered in order to guide decision-making and homogenize clinical practice according to the Colombian context and the characteristics of the Colombian health care system. This is an academic and non-regulatory document.

Brote grave en un paciente con enfermedad de Crohn y coinfección por SARS-CoV-2: abordaje clínico y tratamiento / Severe flare-up in a patient with Crohn's disease and coinfection by SARS-CoV-2: Clinical approach and treatment

Resumen La enfermedad de Crohn se considera una enfermedad crónica inmunomediada, la cual fisiopatológicamente se caracteriza por ser una enfermedad multifactorial en la que intervienen factores ambientales y genéticos, entre otros. Los pacientes tienen riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones no solamente por la enfermedad sino también por los medicamentos utilizados para tratarla. En la actualidad, esto toma un papel relevante dada la enfermedad por el coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19), infección que ha demostrado ser más grave en sujetos con comorbilidades, lo que aumenta la morbimortalidad. En este reporte de caso se presenta un hombre joven con antecedente de enfermedad de Crohn con síntomas y signos de obstrucción intestinal y respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, quien cursa por primera vez con un brote grave en el íleon terminal, compatible con perforación asociada a colección local e íleo adinámico secundario, y presenta una coinfección por el coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave de tipo 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Se realiza la presentación del caso, discusión y revisión de la literatura del diagnóstico de brote grave de enfermedad de Crohn y coinfección de SARS-CoV-2, enfoque clínico y tratamiento.

Abstract Crohn's disease is considered a chronic immune-mediated disease, which physiopathologically is characterized by being a multifactorial disease in which environmental and genetic factors intervene, among others. Patients have a risk to develop complications not only related to the disease, but also because of the medication used to treat it. This risk plays a relevant role today due to the 2019 coronavirus disease, an infection that has been shown more serious in patients with comorbidities, which increases morbidity and mortality. In this study is analyzed a young man case with underlying Crohn's disease with symptoms and signs of intestinal obstruction and systemic inflammatory response. He was admitted for the first time with a severe flare-up in the terminal ileum, compatible with perforation associated with local collection and secondary adynamic ileus and presents a co-infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome type 2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The case presentation, discussion, and review of the literature on the diagnosis of a severe flare-up of Crohn's disease and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection, clinical approach and treatment are carried out.

National Cancer Information System Within the Framework of Health Insurance in Colombia: A Real-World Data Approach to Evaluate Access to Cancer Care.

PURPOSE: The National Cancer Information System (NCIS) has been operating since 2014, including information reported by health care insurers and providers on people with cancer diagnosed and treated within the Colombian health system. Its main purpose is to identify barriers to an effective access to cancer diagnosis and treatment across the country. We aimed to describe the methodology, scope and results in terms of access to health services with real-world data provided by the NCIS. METHODS: Reporting of all cases of cancer by insurers and providers is mandatory by law. Data gathered include demographic and clinical information about new and old cases of cancer who receive health services. Over the years, the reporting process has been automated and it is currently performed in real time. Data quality is ensured through a standardized data-monitoring process. Access to health services is monitored by quality measures defined by consensus. RESULTS: Since 2015, prevalent cases of invasive cancer have increased from 163,776 to 331,021 in 2020 (increment of 102.12%). Regarding quality measures, the proportion of people staged at diagnosis has increased over the years, especially in breast cancer. Meanwhile, early diagnosis is still concerning for breast and prostate cancer. Time to diagnosis and treatment have not consistently reached the expected goals in breast, cervical, and prostate cancer, whereas they have shown a better level of compliance for stomach and colon and rectum tumors, still not reaching the highest performance. CONCLUSION: The real-world information approach provided by the NCIS may be complementary for cancer control planning in Colombia, emphasizing better management processes of health insurers and providers by identifying barriers for timely access to health care.

Paenarthrobacter sp. GOM3 Is a Novel Marine Species With Monoaromatic Degradation Relevance.

Paenarthrobacter sp. GOM3, which is a strain that represents a new species-specific context within the genus Paenarthrobacter, is clearly a branched member independent of any group described thus far. This strain was recovered from marine sediments in the Gulf of Mexico, and despite being isolated from a consortium capable of growing with phenanthrene as a sole carbon source, this strain could not grow successfully in the presence of this substrate alone. We hypothesized that the GOM3 strain could participate in the assimilation of intermediate metabolites for the degradation of aromatic compounds. To date, there are no experimental reports of Paenarthrobacter species that degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or their intermediate metabolites. In this work, we report genomic and experimental evidence of metabolic benzoate, gentisate, and protocatechuate degradation by Paenarthrobacter sp. GOM3. Gentisate was the preferred substrate with the highest volumetric consumption rate, and genomic analysis revealed that this strain possesses multiple gene copies for the specific transport of gentisate. Furthermore, upon analyzing the GOM3 genome, we found five different dioxygenases involved in the activation of aromatic compounds, suggesting its potential for complete remediation of PAH-contaminated sites in combination with strains capable of assimilating the upper PAH degradation pathway. Additionally, this strain was characterized experimentally for its pathogenic potential and in silico for its antimicrobial resistance. An overview of the potential ecological role of this strain in the context of other members of this taxonomic clade is also reported.

Factors associated with delays in time to treatment initiation in Colombian women with cervical cancer: A cross-sectional analysis.

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the leading causes of morbidity in upper-middle income countries such as Colombia. Several studies have reported poor prognosis when treatment is delayed. We aimed to describe the factors associated with delays in time to treatment initiation (TTI) in Colombian women with CC. Cross-sectional analysis including newly diagnosed cases of CC during 2018 and reported to the National Administrative Cancer Registry. TTI was defined as days from diagnosis to the first treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery). Linear and multinomial logistic regression models were estimated to analyze the association of interest. 1,249 new cases of CC were analyzed (26.98% in-situ and 40.11% locally advanced). The median age was 46 years (IQR: 36-58). Median TTI was 71 days (IQR: 42-105), varying from 70 days (IQR: 43-106) among the surgery group to 76 days (IQR: 41-118) in women under chemotherapy. Only 12.41% were treated within 30 days from diagnosis. TTI was significantly longer in women with state insurance (ß = 18.95 days, 95% CI: 11.77-26.13) compared with those insured by the third payer. Women from the Pacific and Eastern regions also had a significantly longer TTI than those living in the capital of Colombia. Age, health insurance, region of residence, and stage at diagnosis were associated with TTI longer than 45 days in the multinomial model. We concluded that demographic variables (age, region of residence, and health insurance) which are proxies of social disparities and poor access to quality health care services, were associated with delays in TTI.

A Web Platform (MOSAICO) to Design, Perform, and Assess Collaborative Clinical Scenarios for Medical Students: Viewpoint.

BACKGROUND: The collaborative clinical simulation (CCS) model is a structured method for the development and assessment of clinical competencies through small groups working collaboratively in simulated environments. From 2016 onward, the CCS model has been applied successfully among undergraduate and graduate medical students from the Universidad de Talca, Chile; the Universität de Barcelona, Spain; and the Universidad de Vic-Manresa, Spain. All the templates for building the clinical cases and the assessment instruments with CCS were printed on paper. Considering the large number of CCS sessions and the number of participating students that are required throughout the medical degree curriculum, it is impossible to keep an organized record when the instruments are printed on paper. Moreover, with the COVID-19 pandemic, web platforms have become important as safe training environments for students and medical faculties; this new educational environment should include the consolidation and adaptation of didactic sessions that create and use available virtual cases and use different web platforms. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to describe the design and development of a web platform that was created to strengthen the CCS model. METHODS: The design of the web platform aimed to support each phase of the CCS by incorporating functional requirements (ie, features that the web platform will be able to perform) and nonfunctional requirements (ie, how the web platform should behave) that are needed to run collaborative sessions. The software was developed under the Model-View-Controller architecture to separate the views from the data model and the business logic. RESULTS: MOSAICO is a web platform used to design, perform, and assess collaborative clinical scenarios for medical students. MOSAICO has four modules: educational design, students' collaborative design, collaborative simulation, and collaborative debriefing. The web platform has three different user profiles: academic simulation unit, teacher, and student. These users interact under different roles in collaborative simulations. MOSAICO enables a collaborative environment, which is connected via the internet, to design clinical scenarios guided by the teacher and enables the use of all data generated to be discussed in the debriefing session with the teacher as a guide. The web platform is running at the Universidad de Talca in Chile and is supporting collaborative simulation activities via the internet for two medical courses: (1) Semiology for third-year students (70 students in total) and (2) Medical Genetics for fifth-year students (30 students in total). CONCLUSIONS: MOSAICO is applicable within the CCS model and is used frequently in different simulation sessions at the Universidad de Talca, where medical students can work collaboratively via the internet. MOSAICO simplifies the application and reuse of clinical simulation scenarios, allowing its use in multiple simulation centers. Moreover, its applications in different courses (ie, a large part of the medical curriculum) support the automatic tracking of simulation activities and their assessment.

Hallazgo inusual en la tinción de Gram de hemocultivos en una paciente con neutropenia febril prolongada y leucemia mieloide aguda / Unusual finding in Gram staining of blood cultures in a patient with prolonged febrile neutropenia and acute myeloid leukaemia

No disponible

Hepatitis Aguda Grave por Coinfeccion por Virus Epstein-barr y Citomegalovirus- reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura / Severe Acute Hepatitis By Coinfection By Epstein-Barr Viruses And Citomegalovirus - Case Report And Review Of Literature

Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 6 años con antecedente de dermatitis atópica. Días antes de hospitalizarse presentó rinorrea y tos. Posteriormente presentó lesiones maculopapulares, alza térmica y coloración amarillenta de la piel. Luego de ser hospitalizada, además de los síntomas descritos, presentó 2 episodios de epistaxis espontánea, hematemesis y melena; mientras que en el examen físico se evidencio ictericia mucocutánea, fiebre, rash maculopapular generalizado, adenopatías, y hepatoesplenomegalia. En el estudio de imágenes se encontraron signos que indicaron indirectamente hepatitis aguda y derrame pleural. Por otro lado, entre los resultados serológicos se encontró que los marcadores de infección aguda por VEB y CMV, al igual que el marcador de infección crónica por VEB, fueron positivos. Hasta donde tenemos conocimiento, este es el primer reporte en nuestro medio de coinfección CMV-VEB, debido a una infección aguda por CMV. Reportamos el caso y se realizamos una revisión de la literatura.

We report the case of a 6-year-old patient with a history of atopic dermatitis. Some days before her hospitalization she presented rhinorrhea and cough. Subsequently she presented maculopapular lesions, increase of body temperature and yellowing of the skin. After being hospitalized, in addition to the symptoms described, she presented 2 episodes of spontaneous epistaxis, hematemesis and melena; while in the physical examination, mucocutaneous jaundice, fever, generalized maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly were evident. In the images studies, signs that indirectly indicated acute hepatitis and pleural effusion, were found. On the other hand, among the serological results, it was found that the markers of acute infection by EBV and CMV, as well as the marker of chronic EBV infection, were positive. As far as we know, this is the first report of CMV-EBV coinfection in our, due to an acute CMV infection. We report the case and we carry out a review of the literature.